Estimation of Madia sativa Molina and Solidago canadensis L. (Asteraceae Bercht. & J. Presl) Antioxidant Parameters

Abstract

Madia sativa Molina and Solidago canadensis L. are representatives of Asteraceae with numerous biological activities. This study aimed to evaluate the total polyphenol content (TPC), radical-scavenging activity by the DPPH method (DPPH), and antioxidant activity by the FRAP (FRAP) and ABTS (ABTS) methods of plant extracts of these species. Plant raw material was collected from the experimental plots of the Department of Cultural Flora and natural flora at the M.M. Gryshko National Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine during the vegetation in 2024-2025. Depending on the growth stage, M. sativa ethanol extracts had 21.64–78.11 mg GAE g^-1 of TPC, 41.28–65.78 mmol TE g^-1 of DPPH, 155.43–254.19 mmol TE g^-1 of FRAP, and 1.12–2.51 mmol TE g^-1 of ABTS. The S. canadensis extracts demonstrated 48.14–159.21 mg GAE g^-1 of TPC, 25.11–46.61mmol TE g^-1 of DPPH, 104.31–260.15 mmol TE g^-1 of FRAP, and 1.76–3.07 mmol TE g^-1 of ABTS. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive relationship between TPC and FRSA (r = 0.974) in M. sativa extracts, and between TPC and ABTS (r = 0.861) in S. canadensis extracts. The obtained data showed the highest TPC, FRSA, and FRAP values at the budding stage in M. sativa, whereas the highest ABTS values were observed at the flowering stage. In contrast, S. canadensis showed a more variable pattern, with maximum FRSA and FRAP values at the flowering stage, whereas TPC and ABTS activity peaked at the budding and early developmental stages, respectively. These results can be used for further pharmacological, biochemical investigations, and breeding work.