Development of Analytical Procedure of Determination of Sum of Flavonoids in Hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) Pollen

Abstract

Pollen contains components necessary for growth and development of a new organism. Polyphenolic compounds are one of them. Pollen phenolic compounds are presented with flavonoids which have different structures and biological functions. Analytical procedure of spectrophotometric method was developed to determine the total flavonoids content in hazelnut (Corylus avellana L.) pollen and its methanol extracts. 0.9 ml 50% ethanol was added to 0.1ml each extract to form volume of 1.0 ml, and then 1.0 mL of 2% solution of aluminum chloride hexahydrate in 50% ethanol was added. The mixture of extract was left for 70–90 minutes. As blank was a mixture which consisted of the same volumes of an extract and 50% ethanol. 1 ml of 2% solution of aluminum chloride hexahydrate in 50% ethanol was substituted with the same volume of 50% ethanol. The curve of quercetin dihydrate was plotted in the range of its concentrations of 5.9 to 29.5 mg/L. 1 ml of the obtained solutions of quercetin dihydrate was mixed with 1.0 ml of 2% aluminum chloride hexahydrate in 50% ethanol. The amount of 2% aluminum chloride hexahydrate in 50% ethanol was substituted by the same volume of 50% ethanol in the blank for each solution of quercetin dihydrate. The curve of rutin trihydrate was plotted in the range of its concentrations of 20.12 to 100.6 mg/L. 1 ml of the obtained solutions was mixed with 1.0 ml of 2% aluminum chloride hexahydrate in 50% ethanol. The amount of 2% aluminum chloride hexahydrate in 50% ethanol was substituted by the same volume of 50% ethanol in the blank for each solution of rutin trihydrate. The absorbance of tested extracts and solutions of rutin was determined at 410 nm, solutions of quercetin was determines at 425 nm. The total flavonoid content in the tested pollen extracts was determined in the range of 133.41 to 274.23 mg of flavonoids in 1 L of an extract in reference to quercetin and 418.75 to 839.32 mg of flavonoids in 1 L of an extract in reference to rutin which means 3.34–6.86 mg and 10.47–20.98 mg per 1 g pollen in reference to quercetin and rutin, respectively.